Definition
To anticipate is to take action before the event — the Latin anticipare means literally 'to seize beforehand'. That makes it stronger than 'expect': the spectator expects the ball; the goalkeeper anticipates it, already moving to where it will arrive. Planners anticipate demand, lawyers anticipate objections, good drivers anticipate the mistakes of others. Built into the word is preparation: to anticipate something and do nothing about it is to have merely predicted it.
Examples
Collocations
anticipate problems·anticipate demand·widely anticipated·fail to anticipate·in anticipation of
Synonyms
foresee·expect·predict·preempt·forecast
Antonyms
react·be caught off guard
Word family
anticipation (noun)·anticipated (adjective)·anticipatory (adjective)
In TOEFL & IELTS
TOEFL reading uses it for foresight in science and history — 'the study anticipated findings that would not be confirmed for decades'. In IELTS Writing Task 2, 'governments failed to anticipate the consequences' is a high-band cause-effect move, and 'in anticipation of' is a set phrase worth owning. Keep the nuance: anticipate = expect + prepare, which is why it outranks 'expect' in precision.