Definition
Capacity is the most a thing can take — from the Latin capax, 'able to hold'. It names an outer limit: the capacity of a stadium, a factory's production capacity, a person's capacity for work. Where ability looks at the skill to perform, capacity measures the ceiling — how much, at the very most. Push past a container's capacity and it overflows; a network already at full capacity cannot expand to carry one more call until a wider threshold is built.
Examples
- The concert hall has a seating capacity of two thousand.
- Years of training increased her capacity to cope with stress.
- By late August the reservoir had filled almost to capacity.
Collocations
full capacity·seating capacity·production capacity·capacity for·at capacity
Synonyms
capability·volume·potential·room·ability
Antonyms
incapacity
See also
- capacity vs abilitysynonyms
Word family
capacious (adjective)·capacitor (noun)
In TOEFL & IELTS
A high-value academic noun, usually about limits and quantities: 'production capacity', 'at full capacity', 'capacity for change'. The exam trap is ability: ability is the skill to do something, while capacity is the maximum amount or the potential — 'the ability to learn' versus 'a large capacity for learning'. It is also common in science (heat capacity, lung capacity). The adjective capacious means roomy.