Definition
To refute is to defeat a claim with evidence or argument — not merely to deny it, but to show it false. Strictly, refuting requires proof: a single contrary fact can refute a sweeping generalization. Scientists refute a hypothesis when the data contradict it; a lawyer refutes a charge by dismantling its support. Loosely the word is used to mean 'reject', but its real force is stronger — to refute is to undermine a position so thoroughly that it cannot stand.
Examples
- A single counterexample was enough to refute the theory.
- She refuted the accusation with documents proving she had been abroad.
- The idea seemed plausible until a later study refuted it.
Collocations
refute a claim·refute an argument·flatly refute·evidence to refute
Synonyms
disprove·rebut·debunk·discredit·invalidate
Antonyms
prove·confirm·corroborate
Word family
refutation (noun)·refutable (adjective)·irrefutable (adjective)
In TOEFL & IELTS
A core word for TOEFL/IELTS argument passages, which constantly 'support' or 'refute' claims — recognizing it signals the author's stance for rhetorical-purpose questions. In essays, 'this evidence refutes the notion that…' is a precise, academic move. Use it carefully: strictly, to refute is to disprove with evidence, not merely to disagree. Learn 'irrefutable' (impossible to disprove) too.