Definition
To abandon is to walk away and not come back — to give up a thing, a place, or a person entirely, leaving it to its fate. You abandon a sinking ship, an old plan, a search. The word carries finality and often a trace of failure or desertion: what is abandoned is left behind, untended, alone. There is a second, almost opposite sense in the noun phrase 'with abandon', meaning with complete freedom from restraint — but the verb is about letting go for good.
Examples
Collocations
abandon a plan·abandon ship·abandon hope·be forced to abandon·abandon all caution
Synonyms
desert·forsake·relinquish·give up·leave behind
Antonyms
keep·retain·pursue
Word family
abandonment (noun)·abandoned (adjective)
In TOEFL & IELTS
A strong verb for IELTS Writing on policy and history — 'the government abandoned the scheme' is crisper than 'stopped'. Note the two senses: the everyday verb (give up, desert) and the literary noun 'with abandon' (without restraint). The adjective abandoned means deserted (an abandoned factory). Spelling trap: one b, and the ending is -on, not -en.